- Title
- A high-fat challenge increases airway inflammation and impairs bronchodilator recovery in asthma
- Creator
- Wood, Lisa G.; Garg, Manohar L.; Gibson, Peter G.
- Relation
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Vol. 127, Issue 5, p. 1133-1140
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2011.01.036
- Publisher
- Mosby
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2011
- Description
- Background: Dietary fat activates systemic innate immune responses, but the effect on airway responses is unknown. Objective: To examine effects of a high-fat versus low-fat meal on systemic and airway inflammation in asthma. Methods: Nonobese subjects with asthma were randomized to consume a high-fat (n = 19; 48% [49 g] fat) or low-fat (n = 18; 15% [3 g] fat) meal. Fourteen obese patients with asthma and 21 healthy controls also consumed a high-fat meal. Another group of patients with asthma consumed a high-trans (n = 5; 5.2 g trans fat) or nontrans (n = 5, <0.3 g trans fat) fatty acid meal. Lung function was measured at baseline (prebronchodilator) and 2, 3, and 4 hours after bronchodilator. Airway inflammation was assessed by using induced sputum cell counts and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression by real-time PCR. Systemic inflammation was measured by ELISA quantification of plasma TNF-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and IL-6 concentrations. Results: In patients with asthma, at 4 hours postmeal, increases in sputum % neutrophils and Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA expression were higher and increases in FEV₁/forced vital capacity (FVC) were lower in the high-fat versus low-fat groups. Changes in plasma fatty acids correlated with changes in sputum % neutrophils and were negatively associated with changes in % FEV₁, % FVC, and FEV₁/FVC. After the high-trans fatty acid meal, sputum % neutrophils were significantly higher than after the nontrans meal. Conclusion: A high-fat meal augments neutrophilic airway inflammation, with the effect dependent on the type of fat consumed. A high-fat meal also suppresses bronchodilator recovery in asthma. Modifying dietary fat intake may be useful in asthma.
- Subject
- Dietary fat; fatty acids; neutrophils; Toll-like receptor 4; innate immunity; asthma; bronchodilator recovery; airway inflammation
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1065867
- Identifier
- uon:17958
- Identifier
- ISSN:0091-6749
- Language
- eng
- Full Text
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